The Application of Coronary Contrast Emptying Time in Diagnosing Coronary Slow Flow Phenomenon: A Serial Case Report
Abstract
This entity is usually diagnosed from coronary angiography study when a delayed coronary contrast filling time is found without the presence of significant epicardial narrowing of the related arteries. But, in our center’s years of experience, we frequently found cases in which myocardial ischemia or infarction was suggested or proven clinically, on the other hand, angiography study showed no significant epicardial coronary artery narrowing neither delayed coronary contrast filling time. Furthermore, we observed that this group of patients exhibited a rather prolonged coronary contrast emptying time instead.
In this serial case report, we presented some of our cases where microvascular disorders were suspected. We demonstrated that not all coronary contrast filling times in ischemic or infarction-related arteries were prolonged, on the other hand, prolongation of coronary contrast emptying time showed a more consistent result.
Keywords
References
Wang X, Nie SP. The coronary slow flow phenomenon: characteristics, mechanisms, and implications. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther, 2011;1(1):37-43.
Beltrame JF. Defining the coronary slow flow phenomenon. Circulation Journal. 2012;76(4);818-20.
Gibson CM. TIMI frame count: a quantitative method of assessing coronary artery flow. Circulation. 1996; 93(5):879-88.
Gibson CM, Dodge JT, Goel M, et al. Angioplasty guidewire velocity: A new simple method to calculate absolute coronary blood velocity and flow. Am J Cardiol. 1997;80:1536-39.
Hermann J. Coronary microvascular dysfunction in the clinical setting: from mystery to reality. European Heart Journal. 2012;33:2771-81.
Cin VG. Diffuse intimal thickening of coronary arteries in slow coronary flow. Jpn Heart J. 2003;44;907-19.
Pekdemir H, et al. Elevated plasma endothelin-1 levels in coronary sinus during rapid right atrial pacing in patients with slow coronary flow. Int J Cardiol. 2004; 97:35- 41.
Vijayan S, Barmby DS, Pearson IR, Davies AG, Wheatcroft SB, Sivananthan M. Assessing coronary blood flow physiology in the cardiac catheterisation laboratory. Curr Cardiol Rev. 2017;13(3):232–43.
Ramakrisnan SN, et al. Coronary slow flow phenomenon (CSFP). Assessment of the role of endothelial dysfunction. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2016;67 (16):550-1.
Patel MB, Bui LP, Kirkeeide RL, Gould KL. Imaging microvascular dysfunction and mechanisms for female-male differences in CAD. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016;9(4):465–82.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.